Posted on: 04:18 Tue, 20 Aug 2024

BIOLOGY QUESTIONS:-







BIOLOGY THEORY ANSWER:-

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(5bi)
(Pick Any Four)
(i) Phyllodes
(ii) Spines
(iii) Tendrils
(iv) Scales
(v) Stipules
(vi) Insectivorous leaves

(5bii)
(Pick Any Four)
(i) Thorns
(ii) Tendrils
(iii) Bulbs
(iv) Rhizomes
(v) Tubers
(vi) Cladodes

(5ci)
(Pick Any Two)
(i) Cell elongation
(ii) Apical dominance
(iii) Root initiation
(iv) Fruit and seed development
(v) Tropic responses (e.g., phototropism, gravitropism)
(vi) Inhibition of lateral bud growth

(5cii)
(Pick Any Two)
(i) Cell division and differentiation
(ii) Delay of senescence (aging) in leaves
(iii) Promotion of shoot formation
(iv) Regulation of nutrient mobilization
(v) Induction of axillary bud break.
(vi) Regulation of root growth and development

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(6ai)
(Pick Any Four)
(i) They produce seeds, which are the main mode of reproduction.
(ii) They possess vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) for the transportation of water, minerals, and organic nutrients.
(iii) They have a well-developed root system for anchoring and absorbing water and minerals from the soil.
(iv) They have a stem that supports the plant, bears leaves, and facilitates the transport of materials.
(v) They have leaves, which are the main photosynthetic organs.
(vi) They exhibit alternation of generations, with a dominant sporophyte generation and a reduced gametophyte generation.

(6aii)
(Pick Any Three)
(i) Division Pinophyta (Coniferophyta) – Example: Pine (Pinus spp.)
(ii) Division Ginkgophyta – Example: Ginkgo biloba (Maidenhair tree)
(iii) Division Cycadophyta – Example: Cycas revoluta (Sago palm)
(iv) Division Gnetophyta – Example: Ephedra spp. (Mormon tea)
(v) Division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae) – Example: Rose (Rosa spp.)
(vi) Division Pteridophyta (Ferns) – Example: Ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris)

(6bi)
The phloem is responsible for the transport of organic nutrients, primarily sucrose, produced during photosynthesis from the source (e.g., leaves) to the sink (e.g., roots, fruits, growing tissues). This transport is facilitated by the process of translocation, which is driven by the differences in water potential and the osmotic gradient created by the loading and unloading of sucrose.

(6bii)
(Pick Any Four)
(i) Environmental concerns: Potential impact on biodiversity and the disruption of natural ecosystems due to the release of GM organisms.
(ii) Health concerns: Potential long-term effects of consuming GM foods on human health, such as the development of allergies or the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes.
(iii) Labeling and consumer choice: The debate over the mandatory labeling of GM foods to allow consumers to make informed choices.
(iv) Patenting and corporate control: The ethical issues surrounding the patenting of GM organisms and the potential for a small number of companies to control the global food supply.
(v) Socioeconomic impacts: The potential for GM crops to disrupt traditional farming practices and the livelihoods of small-scale farmers, especially in developing countries.
(vi) Ethical principles: Concerns about the violation of natural processes and the potential for unintended consequences when manipulating the genetic makeup of living organisms.

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